Jacqtjaed loom



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

.L. HOLMS. LOOM FOR WEAVING FANCY GLOTHS. &c.

No. 5,033. Patented Mar. 27, 1847.

2 SheetsSheet 2 L.HOLMS LOOM FOR WEAVING FANCY OLOTHS, &c.

No. 5,033. Patented Mar. 27, 1847.

THE norms PETERS co. PNOKO-LIYNO. msumswu. o, c.

UNITED. STATES PATENT o rIoE.

LAWRENCE HOLMS, or ANDOVER, MASSACHUSETTS.

JACQUARD. LOOlVL' Specification of Letters Patent No. 5,033, dated March27, 1847.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, LAWRENCE HOLMS, 0Andover, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, haveinventeda new and useful improvement in mechanism to be applied to loomsfor the purpose of weaving fancy cloths or fabrics having cords, ribs,-twills, or figures raised on their surfaces, the said improved machinerybeing applicable to power-looms, such as are in general use; and I dohereby declare that the same is fully described and represented in thefollowing specification and accompanying .drawings, letters, figures,and references thereof.

Of the said drawings Figure 1 denotes a front elevation of the rear halfor part of a loom frame and my apparatus applied to it.

Fig. 2 a top view. Fig. 3 a vertical transverse and central section.Fig. 4 is a horizontal section, taken just beneath the lower edge of thecrank shaft to be hereinafter de scribed and exhibiting the jacquardaddition to be hereinafter explained. Such other figures as may benecessary to clearly represent the various parts of my improvedmechanism will be hereinafter referred to and explained.

In such of the aforesaid drawings as seen, A denotes the usual crankshaft, or shaft to which the cranks areapplied for giving motion to thelay of the loom. It is from this shaft that the mechanism to behereinafter described, receives its motion. To one end of the shaft A acrank B is attached, see Figs. 2 and 5 the latter of which denotes aside elevation of the crank and the grooved T piece (and its slides)with which it is connected and which is alternately raised and loweredby it. C denotes the said T piece, which consists of a rod a and a crosshead 6 connected together and arranged so as to move u and down betweenparallel guides D, D, or other suitable contrivances. The crank enters acurved slot (0) made through the cross head and when the crank shaft isrevolved, the crank 13 will impart to the T piece, a reciprocatingvertical motion. One end of an arm E (projecting from a horizontal shaftF) passes through the rod of the T piece, and is raised and lowered byit. The said shaft is sustained (so as to partially revolve; in suitablebearings and has two other arms G, H, extending from it as seen in thedrawings. To these arms a horizontal frameI is suspended by twoconnectin rods K, K, jointed both to the arms and rame. From the aboveit will be seen the vertical movements of the T 7 piece cause similarvertical movements of the frame I but in op osite directions. T he frameI is supported y proper-vertical parallel guides made upon or within thesides L L of a frame M secured to the main;

the loom. Y

P is a jacquard cylinder perforated with lines of radial holes as seenat d, cl, &c., in Figs. 5 and 6 the latter figure beinga verticalcentral and transverse section of the said cylinder the said sectionbeing continued so as to exhibit much of the mechanism both on the rightand left as well as above and below the said cylinder. The said cylinderis sustained in position by two rods or bars 6, f, which pass and movehorizontally through the frame I and are connected together by a crossbar g, situated with regard to the frame I as seen in the drawing.

I and the cross bar 9. The journals of the perforated cylinder P revolvein suitable boxes z', 2', affixed to ormade upon the spectively. Each ofthe said punches or,

rods, has a rectangular passage m made vertically through it, the saidpassage being in width just suflicient to receive and permit freely toslide through it two fiat strips of Each of said rods has a wound.spring it placed upon it, between the frame" A top view of one of thesemetal or bars 02, 0, arranged with respectto each other as seen in Fig.6. The length of this passage is. a very little greater than threequarters of the combined width of the two bars n, 0. Each bar it, 0, hasa rectangular space 79 or gout out of it as seenzin the drawings, thehorizontal width of which. is just half that of its bar n or 0. Thereare two of said bars n, 0,, to each punch or rod 70. They extend bothabove and below the frame I and are connected together at their lowerends by a cord'r which passes under one of a series of pulleys s, s,&.c., which are made to revolve upon a horizontal round rod t extendingbetween and fastened to two short posts or standards u, u, fixed to thefloor or to the loom frame, as the case may require. The several flatbars at, 0, are supported in their vertical positions by cross bars 1;,'w, 00, y, extendingfrom one metallic side L to the other L of the frameM. Each set of bars n, 0, is kept apart from the one next adjacent toit, by pins 2, a, or other similar contrivances or mechanicalequivalents passing between them and fromv one of the bars o to theother w or m to y, and being fastened firmly to them.

Each flat bar n, 0, has a wire a or b attached to and extending upwardfrom its upper end. The wire a of the flat bar 02 passes through and isaffixed to the lower horizontal bar 0 of one of'the harnesses R, R, &c.,while the other wire b of the flat bar 0 extends upward through thewarps and between or by the side of the harness, and is connected to theinner ends of two levers S T (whose fulcra are at their middle parts orat i is) by strings d e. The upper bars f of each harness is suspendedto the outer ends of two of the said levers S T by strings or cords g has seen in Fig. 1.

From the above it will be seen that when any one of the bars 0 is forceddownward, it will elevate the harness with which it is connected; at thesame time the other bar 72. immediately contiguous to it, will be drawnup by the harness. I shall now proceed to describe how the depression ofthe bar 0 is produced.

V is an endless belt of leather or other proper material, made to passaround the perforated cylinder P. It is supported in position by passingover a horizontal, rod K and under a roller Z situated as seen in thedrawings. The roller Z is suspended in a frame m so attached to the mainframe of the loom as to readily vibrate'or move, from or toward thejacquard apparatus. A bar 02 is jointed at one end to the sliding'rod 0and at the other to the lower end of the "frame m, the joints thereofbeing so made as to cause the lower part of the frame 1%, as well as theroller Z ,to recede from the jacquard apparatus, sufficiently to keepthe belt tight on the jacquard cylinder. The said jacquard cylinder hastwo series of teeth 0 of, &c., p p, &c., projecting from it at its ends,as seen in the drawings; the said teeth working respectively in twolines of holes 9 g 1" 7" made through the endless belt. The said holesand the said teeth are made and arranged in the same manner as those ofthe pattern card, and polygonal rotating block, of the common jacquardapparatus. 'The endless belt is perforated with holes .9 8 according tothe pattern to be wrought, in a similar manner to that ofthe patterncard of the usual jacquard apparatus, and the said holes are so disposedas that someone or more of them shall be brought directly over some one,or more of I the holes of the jacquard cylinder, at each movement orpartial rotation thereof. Such holes of the pattern belt as may be overor in line with any holes of the acquard cylinder, will permit thepunches, directly in front of and belonging to themtopass or be forcedthrough them by their springs and enter the jacquard cylinder. Theremainder of the punches of the-series, will be prevented from enteringthe jacquard cylinder in consequence of the remainder of the holes of Ithe jacquard cylinder being covered by the belt. Therefore such punchesas may have entered the jacquard cylinder will be so advanced as whenthe frame I is depressed, to bear upon the bottom part or end of theopening 9 of their respective bars 0, 0, and will depress the bars andby so depressing .them carry down their harnesses. The bars so depressedwill be brought back again or elevated (ready for the next movement ofthe harnesses) when the frame I is raised up, by a transverse bar orplateV acting against a shoulder t. This plate V is made like a comb,and receives the flat bars through it, and is supported on two verticalrods u M which respectively pass down, and slide freely through plates ww, and extending across and fastened to the cross bars 00, y, of theframe M and plates 4: '0 similarly applied to the frame I. Shoulders w"m are formed on the rods u u. WVhen the frame I is raised up the plates4)" 0 meet the shoulders 00 m and raise the rods and plate V. r

I shall now proceed to describe the manner in which the jacquardcylinder is pressed away from the punches, and rotated so as to bring asucceeding line of. holes of the pattern belt in operation with the saidpunches.

Fig. 8 represents a side view of the jacquard cylinder together with aportion of the frame M above and below it, as well as the mechanism bywhich the cylinder is operated.

a is a toothed wheel (see Fig. 9 which is a longitudinal section of itand the catch or pawl over it) which is secured upon the shaft of thejacquard cylinder, and rotated by a pawl I)", placed over it and turningon 72. (see Fig. 10 which is a cross section of the pawl, and Fig. 11which is a side view of it) projecting from its under side, and

bearing against the under sides of the bars 6 F. It also has a saddle 2'resting upon the top of the bars. A screw 72 passes down through thesaddle and into the catch, and when screweddown tight, serves to confinethe catch in any position on the bars of the pawl. A thumb piece Zextends back from the catch by which the said catch may be readily movedand adjusted on the bars.

072/ n are two spring lever cams, a side view of one of which isrepresented in Fig. 12. They turn respectively on fulcra screwed intothe sides of the frame M; one of said fulcra being shown at 0 in Fig.12. The shaft of the jacquard cylinder rests and moves against them. Theposition of the said shaft, while the frame I is being raised up isshown at p in Fig. 12. Each cam has a small arm 9 extending upward fromit, and resting against a pin or stud r inserted in and projecting fromthe side of the frame M. It is drawn against the pin, by a spring 8 Whenthe frame I is raised upward, the journals of the jacquard cylinder,will bear against the inclined side t of the cams m and as the cams aremade by the pins 1' to resist the pressure, they will cause the jacquardcylinder and the rods by which it is supported, to move toward the leftend of the loom, until the journals reach and pass over the top u of thecam, when the cylinder will be drawn back by the action of the springs hh of the rods 6 f hereinbefore described. Such a movement of thecylinder outward and upward will cause each partial rotation of it bythe apparatus just described. When the frame I descends so as to carryeach journal 32 of the cylinder against the side 00 of the cam, the

\ spring 8 will permit the cam to recede until the journal passes below.it, which being effected the spring will draw the cam into the positionseen in Fig. 12. The curve of the slot 0 of the T piece C is that of anarc of a circle having a radius corresponding with the length of thecrank, in order that when the T piece reaches its highest position andthe crank moves through the slot, it (the crank) shall produce novertical movement of the T piece. The object of this is to create apause in the action of the 1 hereinbefore described machinery by whichthe harnesses are raised,'during the time it takes to throw the shuttlethrough the shed of the warps. I would here remark that I often dispensewith the use of a pattern belt. This I efiect by plugging or stoppingup,one or more of the holes of each line of holes of the jacquardcylinder, as the pattern may require or I make the cylinder with hole tocorrespond with the pattern to be Wrought.

Fig. 15 denotes a View of a cylinder having its holes a, b, 0, stoppedwith plugs the holes (Z, (Z, &c being open. In this way I make use of adifferent series of jacquard. cylinders, having a greater or less numberof lines of holes in them, and with more or les of such holes stopped upas occasion may require. In order to be able to use the cams m n forsuch cylinders I make the stop r and apply it in such manner to theframe M as to be movable and adjustable in position, Figs. 13 and 14exhibiting the mode of making and applying it.

Fig. 13 is a side view of the cam and stop. Fig. 14 is a top view of thesame.

L denotes the side of the frame M; 1' the stop having a shank aextending back from it and passing through a horizontal slot Z2 madethrough the frame side L. The shank a has a screw out upon its rear endand a screw nut c fitted thereto. By means of the same and the slot 6the stop r may be readily adjusted to the position required for anycylinder which would be likely to be used.

Having thus described my invention I' wish it to be distinctlyunderstood, that I lay no claim to the employment of a jacquardapparatus to operate the heddles or harnesses of a loom, as I am fullyaware that this has been heretofore accomplished, but

That which I do claim as my invention is- The hereinbefore describedpeculiar manner of producing by means of the jacquard apparatus a doubledraft upon each of the harnesses, in other words I claim'the peculiarpunches k and bars a, 0, (connected with the harnesses as abovedescribed) as combined together and with the remainder of the jacquardapparatus and with the harness and constructed and operating therewithsubstantially as above specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereto set my signature this seventeenth dayof Octoher, A. D. 184.6.

LAWRENCE HOLMS. Witnesses:

M. C. DONALD,

H. S. ALLEN.

